The pyramidal orchid is a plant belonging to the Orchidaceae family.
The definition of the genus derives from the Greek “anakamptein”, thought to refer to the two erect segments on the labellum, while the species name, “pyramidalis”, derives from the Latin for “pyramidal”, due to the characteristic shape of the inflorescence of this orchid when it first appears. Composed of ovoid tubers, the plant is slender with a slender stem 20-60 cm tall, often flexible, green and glabrous. The lower leaves are linear-lanceolate and can be up to 25 cm long, the upper ones sheathing or even bracteiform.
The flowers are grouped in a characteristic dense inflorescence, initially conical, formed by small pink (rarely white) flowers with patent lateral sepals, the median one connivent with the petals to form a helmet. The labellum is trilobed with sub-equal lobes, while the spur is thin and filiform, curved downwards.
It is widespread in central and southern Europe, while in Italy it grows throughout the entire peninsula, including the islands, with a flowering period from May to June and in some areas lasting until July.
Widespread in particularly calcareous and dry soils, it is found not only in hilly and mountainous meadows, but also on the edges of internal roads in more open wooded areas.
There are no similar species; this genus is present in Italy with this single species.
Pollination of this species occurs thanks to the action of nocturnal and diurnal lepidoptera. The two lateral wings located at the base of the lower lip guide pollinating insects towards the nectar, causing the necessary passage for the fertilisation of the flower.
